The main problem in the field of health care is timely diagnosis of the patient. Identify the disease at an early stage is necessary before it is possible to prevent its development and to bring man back to a healthy state. This problem is very urgent for Ukraine, where there is no real program for the early diagnosis of the population of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, occupied the first places due to mortality. This problem is relevant for developed countries too. Modern and reliable diagnostic systems, such as tomographic methods of investigation are not healthy for the human body and create an additional risk factor, or too expensive for mass adoption. Also, the accuracy of all these systems is not enough to detect the abnormal level of one cell or group of cells. But the cancer starts to develop from a single cell.
A cancer does not develop immediately. Malignant neoplasms appear constantly in each organ of each person, but no tumors appeared as long as the immune system is able to neutralize the tumor. However, in the body where the swelling can be formed, the incidence of tumors is higher. Therefore, it is important to have a method which will be able to diagnose an organism on the level of a cell or group of cells.
Function of any organism is associated with a constant exchange of matter, energy and information in the body, as well as between the organism and the environment (metabolism). Thus in the body and in the immediate environment there were appeared the fields of different physical nature - electric, magnetic, electromagnetic, thermal, acoustic and the like. Deviation from normal metabolism (pathology) causes a change in the parameters of the fields. This phenomena in case of thee presence of correlation between the measured deviations and disease allows the physician to establish a reasonable diagnosis (classified signal). Thus, higher accuracy and number of parameters that estimate, the higher is the probability of a correct diagnosis.
Each cell has its own body membrane charge formed by oppositely charged ions, and a source of electromagnetic radiation whose frequency depends on the thickness of the membrane, cell size, its temperature and other factors. This radiation can be detected on any area of the body surface.
As part of the R & D №14 / 4, which was supported by the Department of Science and Innovation, the authors started to develop a method for remote diagnostics, in which the skin surface is recorded by a contactless method electromagnetic radiation in the millimeter wave range. There have been developed and investigated mathematical models of different cell types and tissue structure. Mathematical models have allowed to determine theoretically the high frequency parameters of living cells, their capacitive and resistive properties. Such cells’ models allow in future to compare the experimental data with the theoretical.
There was also investigated an installation for measuring ultra-low power electromagnetic signals. At the heart of the installation is a microwave calorimeter with an absorbing wall. In MathLab environment it was simulated its work. There have also been developed and proposed electromechanical unit tomographic type.
The further research will give the opportunity to develop the method for non-invasive diagnosis of the body at the level of cells and organs, to create a solution method and to conduct the first clinical research experiments to identify this method of pathological conditions of the patient.