Scientific and technical progress of humanity in the twentieth century is difficult to imagine without the use of invisible rays that are called X-ray. These rays are used in the technics, science, and medicine. They were first obtained and used for taking pictures by our compatriot Ivan Pulyuy ...
Ivan Pulyuy was born on February 2, 1845 in the village Grimaylove Ternopil region. He graduated the high school in Ternopil, and then there were Vienna, Prague, Strasbourg - a thorny path to the heights of world science.
Ivan Pulyuy successfully worked in many branches of science and technology - physics, electrical engineering, mathematics, astronomy, philosophy and pedagogy. He designed a phone signal apparatus, silver rectifier feedback inductor for three-phase currents telephone station for the protection of life from high-voltage electrical currents and others. For a long time he worked on explaining the nature of the electron. He experimented with uranium ... He was a polyglot - knew 15 languages. In cooperation with P.Kulish Nechuy-Levitsky he translated from the Hebrew "Psalms" and from the Greek "Gospel."
At the same time he worked for the unity of Ukraine. He argued that Ukraine was and remains a state - the sole heir to the princes’ time. His work "Ukraine and its international political significance" obtained the wide response.
It was Pulyuy, rather than Roentgen, has developed a pipe, a separate type of anode - anticathode. Ivan Pulyuy acknowledged with his experiments with cathode lamp Serbian student Nikola Tesla and Conrad Roentgen. They then worked together in the physics laboratory at the famous German physicist Professor A.Kundt. Ivan Pulyuy showed the effect of X-rays (in 1895), A Roentgen repeated the experiments in January 1896 and issued a public report on the X-rays pictures. It is this sensationalism, heated by newspapermen, played a decisive role in awarding Roentgen later (1901) the Nobel Prize.
And the priorities of the Ukrainian scientist Ivan Mikhailovich Pulyuy were outstanding, but hushed up. Roentgen refused to read the alleged by the procedure his "Nobel lecture," which set out the winners of the essence of his discovery. How come?! And the letter of the Pulyuy, in which he asked Roentgen if he used given to him lamps, Roentgen did not answer.
And then, the Soviet period was dominated by a tendency to ignore the outstanding Ukrainian scientists.
And Pulyuy’s lamp, which highlights the strong rays, "... was one of the best lamps in America. Now it is stored in the Dermot’s museum of United States," - said in his memoirs Pulyuy son - Alexander.
Well-known journalist of the time Erivn Kish read: "... Pulyuy did twenty years experiences without having to speak in public about them. During the demonstration, we saw Pulyui lamps made clean pictures. On the contrary, the pictures taken by Roentgen, were unclear and for ascertaining diagnosis in medicine, especially for surgery, do not matter. To the research works Roentgen was skeptical ... "And the behavior of X-rays has remained unclear. Pulyuy due to his nature, resigned. It is interesting to recall here the words of the great Einstein (they were friends, lived together in Prague in 1911-12 years):
- I can not comfort you: what happened is happened. Let it stay with you satisfaction that you have contributed to this epochal discovery!
And the name of Ivan Pulyui went back to us from oblivion. His work fundamental works in physics and electrical engineering, journalistic work and others are relevant today, when the Ukrainian state asserts its independence.