On November 9, 1938, the first mass action of physical violence of the Third Reich against Jews took place.
Then began mass Jewish pogroms ("Kristallnacht", or "The night of broken windows") in Germany. The Nazis burned hundreds of synagogues to the ground, and smashed thousands of shop windows owned by Jews - hence the historical name of the pogrom.
Kristallnacht was the beginning of one of the most terrible crimes of the Nazi regime: the mass extermination of Jews - the Holocaust.
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill's words that the fascists of the future will call themselves anti-fascists turned out to be prophetic.
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