UDC 582.284.3
Cultivation of Higher Basidiomycetes Schizophyllum Commune on Agar Nutrient Mediums / Buchalo А.S., Linovytska V.M. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 7–11.
The growth and morphological features of 8 strains of medicinal mushroom Schizophyllum commune Fr. from the Culture collection of Mushrooms of the N.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany National Аcademy of Sciences of Ukraine, including 3 strains dedicated by the authors in different regions of Ukraine, were studied. The researches were investigated on 14 agar media: wort agar, potato‑glucose agar, synthetic medium with L‑asparagine or L‑asparagine with thiamin, medium of Norkrans, Czapek medium, modified Murashige and Skoog medium without hormones, glucose‑pepton‑yeast medium. Effect of some organic compounds may be the main or additional source of carbon, such as casein, carboxymethyl cellulose, pectin, starch and gelatin was determined on pepton‑yeast medium. As a result, comparison of natural and synthetic mediums in terms of their practical use was determined. Most favorable for growth of the majority strains was beer-wort agar, potato‑glucose agar, as well as synthetic medium with asparagine and thiamin. Strains 1590 and 1766 S. commune with high level of radial rate of growth on different mediums were selected for following investigation as the biotechnological and mycology application.
Keywords: biotechnology of higher basidiomycetes, Schizophyllum commune, agar nutrient mediums, morphological features of colonies.
Fig. 3. Refs.: 13 titles.
UDC 571.27+577.112
Heat Shock Proteins: Role in Formation of Immune Response Galkin A.Yu., Kazmirchuk V.Eu., Metalnikova N.P. – 4 – N 3 – P 12–20
Aim of this work was to analyze the results of scientific studies of biological properties of heat shock proteins of pro- and eukaryotic beings and to identify the mechanisms of their interaction with human immune system. Heat shock proteins have been founded in pro- and eukaryotes, they are conserved molecules produced by cells in response to stress, and are present in intrasellar space as well as in extracellular environment and under normal conditions. The most important biological function of these proteins is chaperon activity. Heat shock proteins are able to modulate of humoral and cellular immunity. High-conservative structure of the proteins of different organisms can cause the development of autoimmune diseases in humans. When a bacterial infection heat shock proteins activate antigen-specific immunity and stimulate the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Molecular complexes of proteins and tumor/viral peptides provide specific activation of immune responses and nonspecific stimulation of immune cells. Heat shock proteins, natural autoantibodies to them, other endogenous and exogenous proteins that are present in the human body, antigen presentation cells and different subpopulations of T lymphocytes form the self-segulatory immune system such as the idiotypical immune network.
Keyworlds: heat shock proteins, biological properties, immune system, immune idiotypic network.
Fig. 2 Tabl. 2. Refs. 44 titles.
UDC 662.659:606:628:543.2:543.5:004.942
Mathematical Simulation of Methane Production in the Fermentation Process / Golub N.B., Kozlovets A.A. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 21–25.
In this paper a mathematical model for the study of the process for producing the methane fermentation when the content of acetic acid changes in the fermenter, which is formed during the methanogenesis, was proposed. At the core of the mathematical model calculation there is the ideal mixing reactor theory. As a raw material for the production of methane by microorganisms a mixture of poultry manure and waste corn was chosen. The fermentation was performed under anaerobic conditions with the temperature 37±2 °С. The methane in biogas and acetic acid concentrations were determined by chromatographic methods. It was found that by using the ratio of dry weight of chicken manure to corn 60:40 the highest biogas yield was reached and the concentration of methane was 56 %. Methane production by microorganisms have periodical dependence on the concentration of acetic acid which is generated by waste destruction. Acetic acid concentration affects the pH-value, and thereafter the methane yield. Comparison of calculation results based on the mathematical model indicates positive suitability to the experimental data within the engineering deviation.
Keywords: mathematical model, biogas, microorganisms, acetic acid, fermentation process.
Fig. 4. Refs.: 8 titles.
UDC 577.1/3
Agrobacteria as the Potential Producents of Magnetosensitive Nanostructures / Gorobets S.V., Sorokina L.V., Ovsienko T.V. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 26–32.
The aim of the study was the identification of the homologues of the Mam proteins mediating the magnetite synthesis of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 in the proteome of agrobacteria and their host plants. The identification of the protein homologues was performed by pairwise alignment using the online-service BLAST. It was shown that the strains of symbiotic and pathogenic agrobacteria (AB) that are able for the root nodules formation and their typical host plants could be potential producers contain the homologues of proteins indispensable for magnetite synthesis (MamВ, MamМ, Mamand MamО) in magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). These homologues have a common ancestor, similar folding and common functions with the respective proteins of MTB. Thus, the symbiotic and pathogenic agrobacteria and host plants could be the potential producers of biogenic magnetic nanoparticles or magnetosensitive nanostructures.
Keywords: agrobacteria, magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1, proteins of Mam-family.
Tabl. 1. Refs.: 26 titles.
UDC 615.849.19
Застосування магнітотерапії для лікування захворювань серцево-судинної системи Delavar-Kasmai M., Shlykov V.V. – 4 – N 3 – P 33–37
Method for operational control and quantitative analysis of magnetic field treatment process dynamics was developed. The calculation of amplitude and phase index of form is offered for the signals of pulse wave, which allows quantitavely compare the degrees of difference of pulse waves, and has a sensitiveness to influence the magnetic field. Method for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of magnetic therapy based on registration and signal processing of pulse wave using the technology of neural networks and calculating the index form for each patient. As a result of studies determined the dynamics of shape change index that allows to conclude the prospects of using the normalized shape index for the development of a wide variety of medical procedures, including treatment of the magnetic field. The algorithm for calculating normalized shape index based on the decomposition of the signals pulse wave in the Fourier series is proposed. Studies in the treatment of patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system allow drawing conclusions regarding the application of the index – normalized amplitude-phase coefficient (NAPC) for evaluating the effectiveness of integrated treatment. Sensitivity index NAPC was set to external influence on the patient, which allows using an index for quantitative assessment of functional status and control of the dynamics of complex treatment.
Keywords:pulse wave, magnetic field; therapy.
Fig. 6 Tabl. 1. Refs. 9 titles.
UDC 582.284
Component Selection of Nutrient Medium Based on Sugar Beet Pulp Extract for Cultivating Laetiporus Sulphureus/ Dzyhun L.P., Palyushok O.A., Chudnivets O.M. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 38–42.
In this survey the possibility of using sugar beet pulp extract as the basis of growth medium for the cultivation basidiomycetes Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murrill was evaluated. Positive results of evaluating the suitability of the medium based on this extract for cultivation on agar plates and in liquid media were obtained. Strain that is best adapted to the new source of nutrients was selected from three strains during a series of experiments. Component composition of nutrient medium to conduct further experiments with the selected strain was improved. Various wastes of different industries – sawdust, grape husks, wheat bran and tenderized pulp – were used for that. The best results are achieved by using of grape husks. Increasing the economic factor in 1,5 times was managed. Using the sawdust of different tree species is perspective because sulphur shelf is a species of bracket fungus. This experiment will allow increasing fungal biomass accumulation and reduce the cost of the process of growing.
Keywords: basidiomycete, Laetiporus sulphureus, cultivation on agar plates, submerged cultivation, sugar beet pulp, economic factor.
Fig. 1. Tabl. 3. Refs.: titles. назв.
UDC 519.21
Reserching Electrical Activity of Hippocampal Neurons in Culture Kazmirchuk K.A., Moskaliyk A.O., Kuzminskyi E.V. – 4 – N 3 – P 43–51
It is shown in this paper that the presynaptic cell directly causes postsynaptic current in the postsynaptic neuron determines its amplitude. Combination of the electrophysiological techniques, mathematical tools, and сytochemical research allow deeper analysis and understanding of the differences in the mechanisms of generation series of action potentials and excitatory inhibitory neurons in the hippocampus. For electrophysiological studies of synaptic interactions involving pairs of cultured hippocampal neurons at different types of pulsed electrical activity of the presynaptic cell the following methodological approaches were used: cooking culture dissociated hippocampal neurons in low density, the method of fixing the intracellular potential on the postsynaptic neuron configuration “whole-cell”; method of pair registration, the method of local extracellular perfusion program for blocking brake and exciting synaptic transmission and selective potassium channel blockers; сytochemical analysis, mathematical methods and processing results. It was also shown that there are two groups of GABA-ergic interneurons in hippocampal culture, which differ by the type of electrical activity: АР is able to generate high-frequency and unable to generate high-frequency capable of generating action potential in response to prolonged stimulation of depolarizing current pulses. These groups significantly differ also by the kinetic properties of АP.
Keywords: hippocampus, electrical activity, action potential, synaptic transmission, GABA-ergic interneurons, cultivation, parvalbumin, сytochemical painting.
Fig. 5 Tabl. 3. Refs. 11 titles.
УДК 582.284.3+681.3
The Influence of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Nutrient Media on Biomass Accumulation by Basidiomycetes Medicinal Mushrooms Genus Trametes (Fr.) / Klechak I.R., Bisko N.A., Mytropolska N.Yu., Antonenko L.O. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 52–57.
The article investigates the impact of natural sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrition and their quantitative ratio of biomass accumulation by medicinal basidiomycetes of the genus Trametes. The objects of the study were 18 strains of basidiomycetes species T. versicolor, T. suaveolens, T. gibbosa, T. hirsuta, T. zonatus, T. pubescens, T. serialis, T. trogii from Institute of Botany of N.G. Kholodny Institute of botany National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine collection of mushrooms. It is shown that properly selected sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrition increase the biomass yield of the investigated strains. It was established that the highest percentage of strains that were noted high rates of growth observed when cultured on medium with sucrose (33,3 % of strains) or glucose (27,2 % of strains). It was investigated that the best source of nitrogen for the growth of strains is peptone. According to results of a study, strain T. serialis 1698 was selected as promising strain for biomass accumulation (9,5 g/dm3 biomass in the medium with sucrose). Ratio of carbon content to nitrogen for the growth of 18 strains of basidiomycetes genus Trametes was chosen. For strains of species T. hirsuta, T. zonatus and T. pubescens at the ratio of carbon to nitrogen content of 22,2 number of synthesized biomass increased on 22–36 % compared with those in the baseline environment in which the ratio of carbon to nitrogen content was 17,7. For strains of species T. versicolor, T. suaveolens and T. gibbosa at the ratio of carbon to nitrogen 26,6 number of synthesized biomass increased by 14–85 % compared to the baseline medium.
Keywords: carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, basidiomycetes, Trametes, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen, biomass.
Fig. 2. Tabl. 4. Refs.: 13 titles.
UDC 576.8.52 579.083.13
Immunomodulating Properties of Probiotics Based on Lactobacteria and Plant Components / Oryabinska L.B., Prasanna B.D., Lazarenko L.M., Dugan O.M. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 58–62.
Purpose of this work was determination of the immunomodulatory effects of base probiotic composition of lactic acid bacteria based on genus Lactobacillus and the complex probiotic with carbyuloza on an experimental model of intact mice. It was found, that injection of carbyuloza in the probiotic composition increased functional activity of phagocytic system – namely, absorbing activity of macrophages. After injection of complex composition to intact mice, there was a tendency to increase the number of CD19+ B-lymphocytes, CD25+ cells in the spleen including activated T- and B-lymphocytes and activated macrophages. In addition, under the influence of net carbyuloza in spleens of mice the number of CD4+ cells (on 9th day ), and CD25+ cells (at the third day and 6th) where up. The received data indicate the potential ability of a base composition of the probiotic and complex preparation with carbyuloza guide to the development of the immune response to cell type which is important in protecting against bacterial and viral pathogens.
Keywords: probiotic, lactic acid bacteria, immune response.
Tabl. 2. Refs.: 7 titles.
UDC 663.15
The Enzyme Lipase: Analysis of Industry Use, Producers, a Process for Preparing / Peskova L.O., Dekhtiarenko N.V. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 63–72.
The analysis and synthesis of information on the field of use, sources, mechanism of action and properties of the enzyme lipase was performed in a review. It is established that for sectors of the economy in which lipase successfully used or is planned to be used is constantly expanding. Performed patent search of lipase modern producers has found among these bacteria, actinomyces, yeast and microscopic fungi. The features of the formation process of culture media and cultivation of lipase producers profound way. Detailed description of modern technologies lipases with varying degrees of treatment D2х, D3х, D10х is presented. It is established, that for obtaining of highly purified enzyme preparations of lipases fractionation using ion exchange and gel-filtration is used the most often. The latest alternative methods of treatment are described. Modern methods of immobilization of lipases are presented. It is shown that the physical adsorption immobilization methods are used, among chemical – method of covalent binding of the enzyme with the carrier. The possibility of immobilization of enzymes on the surface of yeast cells was outlined. Methods of determining the target of the activity of lipase, which include alkalimetric titration and colorimetric method were established. Range of manufacturers of lipolytic enzymes, which are focused today outside the commonwealth of independent states was outlined.
Keywords: lipase, an enzyme hydrolysis, substrate, fats, sectors of the economy, a producer, activity, sources of nitrogen, inductors biosynthesis, soy flour, the degree of purification, fractionation, chromatography, adsorption, immobilization.
Refs.: 29 titles.
UDC 579.222.3+663.16
The Growth Rates and the Accumulation Dynamics of Riboflavin of Ray Fungus Eremothecium Ashbyi Guillier. Polishchuk V.Yu., Malanyuk M.I., Dugan A.M. – 4 – N 3 – P 73–77
The aim of the scientific research was to study the cultural and biochemical characteristics of Eremothecium ashbyi, primarily due to the dynamics of accumulation of riboflavin. The growth rates and the accumulation dynamics of riboflavin in the culture liquid and mycelium of ray fungus Eremothecium аshbyi F340, which is perspective object for receipt of riboflavin by biotechnological method were investigated. Examining the culture E. ashbyi F340 on the glucose-pepton medium a significant difference between the term of accumulation of riboflavin in the culture liquid (riboflavin content was determined spectrophotometrically at 450 nm) and the biomass of fungus (previously conducted release of riboflavin) were revealed. The growth mechanisms of the producer, which obey certain laws for periodic cultures: the culture passes the logarithmic phase of growth, the stationary growth phase and the die-away phase were investigated. It is established that the intensive growth of culture is caused by the pH descent of culture liquid, but the intensive accumulation of riboflavin is related to the pH ascent. Initially riboflavin accumulates into mycelium cells and only after reaching the constant level it begins to segregate in culture liquid.
Keywords: ascomycetes, Eremothecium ashbyi, riboflavin, cultivation, growth rates.
Fig. 2 Refs. 23 titles.
UDC 577.21:633.16:575.113.2
Detection of Allelic Variants of Wax Gene among National and Foreign Barley Varieties / Stepanenko O.V., Morgun B.V., Rybalka O.I., Stepanenko A.І., Kuzminskiy Ye.V. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 78–83.
The objective of the present study was to apply of the molecular marker system for detection of the allelic variants of the Wаx gene. Starch pasting properties are very important factors in malting, food processing and feed quality of barley cultivars. Therefore, it is important to control of the amylose/amylopectin ratio in the barley starch. The Wаx locus of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is responsible for the amylose endosperm biosynthesis. The Wаx gene may be found among the barley cultivars in several allelic variants: 2 functional active alleles encoding GBSS I protein and one null-allele with the inactivated enzyme.The most reliable way to assess the allelic state of Wаx gene is to use molecular marker based on polymerase chain reaction. Among the 126 barley samples studied (cultivars and breeding lines) by a codominant molecular marker system all of the three allelic variants of Wаx gene were identified. Two samples representing with the cultivars Candle and Alamo carried the null-allele of the Wаx gene. The results of the present study can be efficiently used to identify genotypes with the null-allele of the Wаx gene for developing and characterization of the new barley varieties.
Keywords: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Wax genes, PCR, molecular markers, starch.
Fig. 3. Tabl. 1. Refs.: 10 titles.
UDC 57.083.12
Development of Synthetic Detergents with Antiseptic Effect / Todosiichuk T.S. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 84–87.
Influence of the main components of synthetic detergents on lytic activity of enzyme preparations of Cytorecifen and Cytorecifen-M was investigated in this work. On the basis of previously obtained results and the analysis of compositions of detergents the sodium carbonate, zeolite 4A, carboxymethylcellulose as well as superficially active substances synthanol and sulphanol were used. Lytic activity of the enzyme preparation and the powder synthetic washing means had been established by turbydimetric method by the ability of the lyses of Staphyloccus aureus 209 test-culture. As a result of the conducted research, lack of essential negative influence of the chosen components of detergents on lytic activity of studied enzyme preparations is established. There was development of two compositions of synthetic detergents with Cytorecifen maintenance and Cytorecifen-M, with the raised by 2–2,5 times antiseptic effect and for 8–10 % washing ability in relation to known means analogue. Powder Synthetic Detergent are proposed for the washing of textile regular products and industrial application (washing the hospital linen, etc.).
Keywords: synthetic detergent, enzymes preparation, lytic activity, antiseptic effect, composition.
Fig. 2. Tabl. 1. Refs.: 11 titles.
UDC 575.113.2:633.16:663.421
Allelic Polymorphism Research of Barley Genes Bmy1 and LOX-1 that are Related to Brewing Characteristics of Grain / Shaverskyi A.A., Stepanenko A.I., Zholner L.G., Polishchuk S.S., Morgun B.V. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 88–94.
This work was aimed at allelic status identification of the barley genes Bmy1 and LOX-1 in the collection, consisted of 103 domestic and foreign cultivars, and also selection lines. Research of the collection was held using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a subsequent analysis of gene LOX-1 allelic polymorphism via restriction of amplification products. Results of the PCR and restriction were visualized using gel-electrophoresis method. It was defined that 63 barley cultivars would be promising for brewing because of their middle activity and thermostability of β-amylase in malt. There was not a single cultivar or selection line with allele loxA, which was responsible for non-active type of lipoxygenase enzyme in beer, in the barley collection. Obtained results indicate low frequency of brewing alleles’ occurrence. Further searching with the help of the newest molecular markers for allelic diversity identification of genes Bmy1 and LOX-1, and, additionally, expansion of the general collection of barley cultivars and selection lines, will allow better differentiation of cultivars and choose among them the most advantageous ones that will become raw material for quality beer.
Keywords: polymerase chain reaction, allelic polymorphism, β-amylase, lipoxygenase-1, brewing, barley.
Fig. 2. Tabl. 2. Refs.: 10 titles.
UDC 66.047:932.2
Methodology of Energy Consumption Assessment for the Grain Materials Dryer with Shelf Elements / Artyukhova N.O., Yukhymenko M.P. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 95–99.
The article is devoted to the methodology development for the technological regimes of the drying process determining in gravity shelf dryers. This methodology is based on a joint analysis of the fluidized bed formation conditions and optimal energy costs of the process. The drying agent consumption, which provides the fluidization beginning of granular material in the apparatus, is determined analytically. A decrease of dryer’s performance depending on porosity which is beyond the operating range is shown in this article. The dependence for the optimal flow rate value of drying agent determining with fixed economic parameters (the price of heat transfer agent, the price of the apparatus) is obtained. The method of the energy costs evaluating on drying process conducting with the optimal drying agent consumption determining is presented. The data comparison of aerodynamic and economic calculation for the dryer allows the energy-efficient regime of operation choosing.
Keywords: gravity shelf dryer, aerodynamics, optimal, research, drying agent.
Fig. 6. Refs.: 11 titles.
UDC 541.18:542.8
Regulation of Properties of Dispersions for Their Electrokinetic Treatment Borovitskii N.Yu., Lysenko L.L., Rynda E.F., Mishchuk N.А. – 4 – N 3 – P 100–106
For efficient processing of disperse systems based on the use of external electric fields the highest possible velocities of electrophoresis and electroosmosis for a particular system should be ensured. In case of dispersion, which includes a clay component, the main factor that allows adjusting of its electrokinetic properties is pH of equilibrium solution. In this regard, in present work the kinetics of changes in pH of the pore solution with the introduction of acidic and alkaline solutions (NaOH and HCl) is studied. It is found that at given moisture over a wide concentration range of used electrolyte concentrations the equilibrium pH of the pore solution is achieved after 24 hours. The carried out investigations of electrophoresis velocities and the electrokinetic potentials calculated on their basis showed that the maximum value of the potential is achieved at 8 < pH < 12. The maximum values of stationary electroosmosis velocities correspond to the same range of pH values, however, due to the shape of the dispersion pores and external hydrodynamic resistance of the experimental cell their values are 20–30 % lower than estimated ones.
Keywords: disperse system, electrokinetic potential, electroosmosis, electrophoresis, pH regulation.
Fig. 6 Refs. 19 titles.
UDC 628.1.033+66.067.124
Reducing the concentration of Ca2+ Ions in Water Using Ultra- and Nanofiltration Ceramic Membranes / Dulneva T.Yu. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 107–110.
The main regularities of processes of water purification from Ca2+ ions using ultra- and nanofiltration ceramic membranes, in particular, the influence of the operating pressure, the duration of the experiments, the concentrations of Ca2+ ions in the original solution and its temperature to reduce the content of these ions in the filtrate were identified. The cleaning process of the model solution CaCl2 was carried out on an experimental installation of baromembranes using ultra-and nanofiltration tubular membranes of ceramic oxide (produced in Germany). By the experimental results characteristics of ceramic membranes: retention coefficient R (%) of ions Ca2+ and specific productivity Jv (m3/(m2×h) of membrane were calculated. It has been established that on these results the processes of water purification from Ca2+ ions ultra- and nanofiltration ceramic membranes is advantageously carried out at a pressure of respectively 0,6 and 1,0 MPa. It was studied that for such membranes with increasing concentrations of Ca2+ accordingly to 90,0 and 120,0 mg/dm3 retention coefficient of these ions was reduced to 22,2 and to 83,33 %. And specific productivity membranes remained almost unchanged. Lowering the temperature of the feed solution CaCl2 resulted in a decrease in the specific productivity of the membrane, which is associated with a decrease in solution viscosity and without affecting the degree of its purification from Ca2+. It was concluded that studies have shown the high efficiency of water purification from Ca2+ using ceramic nanofiltration membranes compared with ultrafiltration. On the basis of obtained results, use of ceramic nanofiltration membranes in the first stage water softening, for example, prior to ion exchange to ensure boilers CHP, heating systems and boilers feeding was suggested.
Keywords: ceramic membranes, calcium, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, degree of purification, specific productivity.
Fig. 3. Tabl. 1. Refs.: 12 titles.
UDC 539.266+536.63
Influence of Layered Nanofillers on Percolation Properties of Systems Based on Polypropylene Glycol and Carbon Nanotubes / Lysenkov E.A., Gomza Yu.P., Yakovlev Yu.V., Klepko V.V. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 111–117.
By using impedance spectroscopy and optical microscopy methods the investigation of electrical properties of systems based on polypropylene glycol was conducted. It was shown that adding exfoliated layered fillers to the system shifts percolation threshold to low concentration of nanotubes. Analysis of critical indexes of conductivity for investigated systems has shown that such low values of t (1,19—1,43) mean that the formation of conductive network because of strong interaction between laponite and single nanotubes is not a statistic percolation process and distribution of filler particles is nonuniform. Thus, incorporation of third component leads to significant change of percolation properties of filled system, because of its strong interaction with conductive particles. Moreover, insertion of third component leads to significant enhancement of distribution of nanotubes in the bulk of polymer matrix and can improve a number of properties of system filled with nanosized particles polymers.
Keywords: polypropylene glycol, carbon nanotubes, laponite, percolation, scaling.
Fig. 5. Refs.: 30 titles.
UDC 544.723.213:544.726
Cleaning of Contaminated Waters Against U and Cr Compounds Using Pillared Al- and Al/Fe-Clays / Pylypenko I.V., Kovalchuk I.A., Kornilovych B.Yu. // Наукові вісті НТУУ “КПІ”. – 2014. – N 3. – P. 118–123.
In this paper a comprehensive study of adsorption properties of modified clay minerals with polyoxocomplexes (POM) of iron and aluminium with regard to removal of heavy metal ions from an aqueous medium was carried out. To determine changes in structure characteristics of the intercalated minerals have been used methods of X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption with calculated specific surface area and pore size distribution, as well as adsorption of Chromium (VI) and Uranium (VI) ions from aqueous solutions at various pH values. Injection of polyoxocomplexes of aluminium and iron in mineral structure increases the interlayer space, and a specific surface area of the material. It is shown that the intercalated montmorillonite by POM of aluminium and iron has a much higher adsorption properties than the mineral source, and the adsorption of Chromium (VI) and Uranium (VI) occurs due to the mechanism of complexation with surface hydroxyl groups, which substantially depends on pH value. For adsorption isotherms the coefficients of empirical equations of Langmuir and Freundlich were calculated. High efficiency of pillared clay minerals on the disposal of polluted waters such dangerous toxicants as uranium and chromium in the
cationic and anionic forms was shown based on this study.
Keywords: adsorption, pillared montmorillonite, intercalation, POM, hydrolysis, uranium, chromium, catalyst.
Fig. 4. Tabl. 2. Refs.: 20 titles.